Steam-pump.



No. 780,948. PATENTED JAN. 24, 1905. J. E. DOUGLAS.

STEAM PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 23, 1904.

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PATENTED JAN. 24, 1905.

J. E. DOUGLAS.

STEAM PUMP; APPLICATION FILED 153.23, 1904.

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l/III/b/IIIIIIIl/I/II I UNITED STATES Patented January 24, 1905.

PATENT OF ICE.

TO AUGUSTUS J. CAMP, OF BIRMINGHAM, ALABAMA.

STEAM-PUMP- SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 780,943,dated January 24, 1905. Application filed March 23, 1904-. Serial No.199,621.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN E. DOUGLAS, a citizen of the United States,residing at Birmingham, in the county of J eiferson and State ofAlabama, have invented new and useful Improvements in Steam-Pumps, ofwhich the following is a specification.

steam-pump, this has been done simply for convenience, for motive fluidsother than steam may be utilized for actuating the pump. In like manner,I do not restrict myself to the use of the invention for lifting water,for the pump may be used for lifting oil, and in the particularembodiment of the invention which I have selected for illustration inthe accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, anadvantage follows this particular use, as the steam employed to actuatethe pump serves to heat the oil and maintain the latter in a fluidcondition, which is an important consideration.

The improved pump illustrated by said drawings includes an oscillatorymember having branches at opposite sides of its center of motion, one ofwhich branches is fluid-operated and the other of which constitutes apump member. In the present instance that branch of said oscillatorymember which constitutes the pumping element thereof is not as long asthe fluid operated piston part, whereby I am enabled to secure theadvantage of leverage which cannot be obtained in pumps of the ordinarykind. It is to be understood that I do not limit myself to the showingmade by the following description of said drawings, for the'organizationhereinafter disclosed may be materially varied within the scope of myclaims succeedingsuch description.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a plan view of a pumpincluding my invention. Fig. 2 is a side elevation. Fig. 3 is alongitudinal sectional elevation, the section being taken in the line 33 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4c is a sectional elevation in the line 4 4 of Fig. 2.Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation taken in the line 5 5 of Fig. 4. Fig. 6is a similar view, the section being taken in the line 6 6 of Fig. 4.Fig. 7 is a detail sectional view of one of the yieldable connectionsconstituting part of the valve gearing or rigging. Fig. 8 is a detailview of the duplex piston. Fig. 9 is a transverse sectional elevation ofthe same, and Fig. 10 is an elevation of a modification.

Like characters refer to like parts in all the figures of the drawings.

In the description of the figures I have described Fig. 1 as a planview, as ordinarily the pump therein illustrated will be supportedflatwise upon a suitable foundation, but it may stand in any otherdesired way as may be convenient or desirable to meet particularconditions. Such pump is represented as in cluding in its construction ashell, as 2, which may be in the form of a casting or made in any othersuitable way. The shell 2 is shown as having two openings 3 and 4,respectively,

of approximately segmental form, the two openings being connected by aneck 5, the walls of which are concentric with the axis of motion of apiston element hereinafter described. The opening 3 in the presentinstance is-of greater radius than that of the openings 4:, for apurpose that will hereinafter be obvious. The shell therefore presentsapproximately the form of two merging quadrants, and to its oppositefaces are fastened in some suitable manner the plates 6 of substantiallysimilar contour, screws being a simple means to unite the parts. Whenthe plates are attached 'to the shell, the structure thus assembledconstitutes a casing for the piston element, to which reference has beenmade, and which casing, as will be apparent, con tains two chambers, oneof which is composed of the space 8 and the plates 6, while the otherone consists of the space i and the two plates. For convenience ofdescription I will hereinafter denote one chamber by the numeral 3 andthe other by the numeral 4, the chamber 3 constituting a steam chamber,while the chamber 4 constitutes a water-chamber, although it will beevident from my initial statements that these chambers may respectivelyreceive other motive fluids or other liquids. The piston element towhich reference has been made is denoted in a general way by 7. Itconsists of an elongated blade mounted for oscillation between its ends.The longer arm or branch of the duplex piston or blade 7 is denoted by8, while the shorter is denoted by 9. In the present instance the longerbranch constitutes a steam-piston, while the shorter branch serves as apump-piston, although I do not limit myself to the differential lengthsof the two piston members. Preferably, however, the fluid-operatedpiston member 8 is longer than the supplemental piston member or pumpmember 9, so thatthe former when actuated can transmit to the latter aconsiderable leverage, governed, of course, by the variation in lengthof the two parts. The hub of the piston element fits within the neck 5,joining the two chambers 3 and 4, and is fixed to the rockshaft 10. Theouter edge of the steam-piston 8 traverses the arcuate portion of thechamber 3, while the corresponding portion of the pump-piston 9traverses the arcuate surface of the chamber 4, the side edges of thepiston being contiguous to the inner faces of the plates 6 on theoscillation of the piston element. The walls of the neck 5 are channeledto receive suitable packing in order to prevent the passage of steamfrom the steam-chamber to the pump-chamber. The side edges of the pumppiston member 8 are channeled to receive packings, while the pump pistonmember 9 is also channeled, but does not directly receive the packing,the packing being introduced into trough-shaped carriers, as 11,removably inserted into the side channels of said pump piston member 9.The casing, or rather the shell 2 thereof, has a perforation or handhole12 opening from the outside thereof into the pump-chamber 4, by whichaccess may be had to the pump piston member 9 to remove thetrough-shaped packing-carriers 11 when occasion requires the same-such,for exam ple, as when such packing becomes worn. When the carriersare'repacked, they can be applied in place to the pump piston member 9through said perforation or hole 12.

. Steam is alternately introduced into the steam-chamber 3 from oppositesides thereof in order to oscillate the steam-piston 8 and apply acorresponding motion to the pumppiston 9. i

The casing composed of the shell 2 and faceplates 6 has otherwater-chambers in addition to the water-chamber 4, each of which I willdenote by 13 and which are formed by slotting the pump portion of theshell at opposite sides of the main water-chamber 4. It will thereforebe evident that the main water-chamber 4 is separated from the auxiliarywater-chambers 13 by walls, as 14, in which ports are made to put theauxiliary water-chambers into communication with the main orintermediate water-chamber.

I form upon the outer face of one or both of the face-plates 6 a curvedpassage 15. These curved passages produce strengthening-ribs upon theexterior of the respective plates. 1 will describe in detail one ofthem. Between the ends of the passage 15 is an inlet, into which asupply-pipe for steam or other motive fluid is tapped. The ends of thepassage open into the cylindrical chambers 16 in the shell 2, whichchambers are connected by suitable ports with valve-chambers, as 17,thevalves of said chambers being designated by 18 and being of therocking type. The valve-chambers communicate by ports 19 with thesteamchamber 3, at opposite sides thereof, and the steam is alternatelydirected into said chamber through said ports 19, thereby to oscillatethe piston element, the steam of course being directed against themember 8 of said piston. The exhaust-controlling valves are practicallythe same construction as the supply-controlling valves and are denotedby 20, their cylindrical chambers being connected by ports 21 with thesteam-chamber 3 at opposite sides of the piston member 8. The ports 21do not open into the steam-chamber directly at the inclined wallsthereof, by reason of which a certain amount of steam will be retainedbetween the piston and the supply-controlling valve mechanisms on theopposite strokes thereof, which steam acts as a cushion. The chambers ofthe exhaust-controlling valves 20 open into the common exhaust-passage22, formed in the shell 2, and which is intersected between its ends bya delivery-outlet into which a pipe can be tapped or otherwise held inplace.

The rock-shaft 10 extends through the easing, while the same applies tothe stem of the several supply and exhaust controlling valves, saidstems being provided with crank-arms, (each denoted by 23, andrespectively connected by links 24.) The stems of the supplyvalves areprovided with other crank-arms, as 25, extending at right angles, orsubstantially so, to the other crank-arms and to which theconnecting-rod 26 is pivotally or otherwise suitably joined.

To the shaft 10 I key or otherwise suitably fasten the actuator 27,shown as a rod, and at a point in the vicinity of the shaft I pivot tosaid rod the equalizing-lever 28, the arms of which are of equal orpractically equal length. To the opposite ends of the equalizing-lever Ihave shown as pivoted the screw-threzuled stems 29, which diverge towardthe shaft 10 and upon which the sleeves 30 are screwed. In other words,the sleeves are adjustably connected to the stems, this being for thepurpose of regulating the tension of springs hereinafter described, andthey are held in their adjusted position by means of jam-nuts.

' to their operation.

Each sleeve is counterbored to receive the inner terminal portion of aspring 31, shown as tions or studs, as 33, in the path of the swingingor oscillatory arm or rod 27, which, it will be remembered, moves withthe piston element 7 r I have not described in detail the constructionof the valves 18 and 20, for they are of a familiar type, and the samestatement applies In fact, valves of a radically-diiferent form and modeof operation may be substituted therefor and I can accomplish all theobjects of my invention.

When the piston element 7 is at either end of its stroke, a spring 31will be in line with a crank-arm 25, connected with thesupplycontrolling valve, and it will be assumed that the piston member 8is at what is shown in There fore the spring 31 at the right will be inline with the corresponding crank-arm 25. At this stage the supply-valve18 on the right is wide open, whilethe corresponding exhaustvalve 20 isclosed, the reverse relation being the case at the opposite side.Therefore when steam is admitted into the supply-passage 15 it willtraverse the supply-valve chamber and enter the steam-cham her 3 at theright thereof in order to operate the steampiston and swing it towardthe left in Fig. 4. During the movement of the piston the spring 31 onthe right is applying its force to the spindle of the correspondingsupply-valve on the right through the intermediate crankshaft 25, thesaid spring of course during the motion of the rod or arm 27 with theduplex piston being stretched. Owing to the presence of theequalizing-lever 28, which is pivotally carried by the rod or arm 27 formovement relatively thereto, the spring on the left at this time is notstretched. When the free portion of the rod or arm 26 strikes theprojection 33 on the left, at which point the piston has completed onestroke, the rod 26 will be thrust toward the left, thereby imparting aninitial closing. movement to the supply-valve 18 through theintermediate crank-arm 25 at the right, and hence swinging saidcrank-arm from OH the dead-center. The instant that the crank-arm passesthe dead-center the spring 31 becomes effective for imparting anaccelerated closing motion to the supply-valve 18 on the right toinstantly shut off the supply of live steam to the corresponding side ofthe steam-chamber. As the supply-valve 18 on the right closes thecorresponding exhaust-valve, through its connections with saidsupply-valve, will be simultaneously opened. During the movement of thepiston, and hence the rod 27 toward the left the supply-valve 18 on theleft is closed and the corresponding exhaust-valve 20 is open, so thatthe exhaust can be expelled from the chamber 3 by the moving pistonthrough the port 21 by way of the exhaust-valve chamher to theexhaust-passage 22, from which it passes through the outlet hereinbeforedescribed and by way of suitable piping to the atmosphere. When thepiston has practically completed .its stroke toward the left, the rod orarm 27, operative therewith, as previously set forth, strikes theprojection 33, so that throughthe rod 26 the supply-valve 18 on the leftis opened and the corresponding exhaustvalve, through the-intermediateconnections with said cooperating supply-valve, is closed, at whichstage the return stroke of the piston takes place. The action of thefour valves takes place in unison, being brought about by the rod'26under the power of the spring on the right.

In the description of the operation of the pump just set forth I havedescribed certain of the parts as being on the right and others as beingon the left, reference in this connection being had particularly to Fig.4 of the drawings. In Fig. 1 those parts at the right will be at theupper side of the figure, while those at the left will be at the underside of the figure.

Ihave hereinbefore described a main waterchamber 4 and auxiliarywater-chambers 13 at opposite sides of the same, the water being drawnby the pump alternately into such auxiliary Water-chambers and into theintermediate main chamber, from which latter it is forced by thepump-piston 9. The face-plates 6 cover these several chambers, whilemanholes covered by removable plates, as 34, open into the auxiliarychambers, so that access maybe had to the water-controlling valves,hereinafter described. Into each auxiliary chamber 13 ports open, saidports being furnished with valves, the inlet-valves in each case beingdenoted by 35, while the outletvalves are designated by 36, theinlet-valves of course being inwardly opening, while the reverse applieswith respect to the outletvalves. Each plate 6 has formed thereon anenlargement or swell to provide for interior passages, as 37 and 38, thepassage 37 being the supply one, while the other passage constitutes anexhaust-passage. Suction and delivery pipes are fitted to theface-plates and communicate with the water-supply or suction and exhaustor delivery passages, respectively.

In Fig. 4 I have described the steam-piston 8 as moving toward the leftfrom the right, and in this case the pump-piston will move from the lefttoward the right. As

the pump-piston moves in such direction it sucks water into theauxiliary chamber 13 at the left, the inlet-valves 35 of-course beingIIO into the intermediate or main chamber 4:.

The water of course enters the auxiliary chamber 13 through thesupply-passage 37 and will fill the chamber 13 at the left and the mainchamber t when the pump-piston has completed its stroke toward theright. The instant that the pump-piston swings toward the left under theaction of the steam or power operated piston 8 the water is expelledthereby from the chamber 4: through the chamber 13 at the left, thesupply or inlet valves 35 being closed as soon as the pistoncommencesits stroke, and such water is forced into the exhaust-passage38 by way of the outlet-valves 36 into the exhaust-pipe or, as it wouldbe in some cases, a supply-pipe. The same action follows with respect tothe pump-piston on its stroke toward the right. The steam and pumppistons are therefore double-acting, doing work on each stroke.

In some cases I need not utilize the entire area ofthe steam-piston, aswill now appear from a description of the modification shown in Fig. 10.In this modification I intend to concentrate the energy of the steam orequivalent motive agent at the outer end of the steam-piston or at apoint beyond which the latter balances with the pump-piston. Referringto said Fig. 10, it will be seen that the piston is provided withsegmental wings 40 of substantially duplicate construction, which uponthe oscillation of the piston are adapted to play in apertures in thecasing, packing being interposed between the wings and casing to preventthe escape of steam from the steamchamber. The arcs of the segmentalwings are struck, of course, from the axis of motion of the duplexpiston. The wings 40 therefore serve to divide the steam-chamber intotwo compartments, into one only of which the steam is directed that isto say, the steam is directed intothe outer compartmentby virtue ofwhich the concentration of the steam at the place most desired issecured.

The ports in the steam end of the pump, it will be seen, are relativelyof consid erable size, so that any foreign matter that may be drawn intothe pump-chamber will cause no injury and will have no effect upon theworking capacity of the pump.

By reason of the device hereinbefore described I provide for anincreased effective area in the steam end or chamber of the pump ascompared with high-pressure pumps with which I am familiar. I may alsoapply leverage to any extent and in pumping water can use a smallorifice for discharge when highwater pressure is desired and a largeorifice where volume is desired.

The pump is simple in construction and I am enabled to dispense withsuch parts as sliding stufling-boxes and other like accessories whichare generally present in pumps of the ordinary kind.

Having thus described the invention, what I claim is 1. In a pump of theclass described, an oscillatory piston element having a plurality ofparts, and a casing for the same having two chambers in one of which oneof the piston parts is adapted to move and in the other of which theother piston part is adapted to move, means for controlling the supplyof a motive agent to and the exhaust of such agent from, one of saidchambers, and means for controlling the supply of liquid to and thedelivery of such liquid from the other chamber.

2. In a pump of the class described, an oscillatory piston elementhaving a plurality of parts, and a casing therefor having substantiallysegmental chambers to receive for motion the respective parts of thepiston.

In a pump of the class described, an oscillatory piston element having aplurality of parts and a casing therefor having substantially segmentalchambers in which the re spective parts of the piston are arranged formotion, and a connecting-neck to receive the hub of the piston.

4. In a pump of the class described, an oscillatory piston elementhaving a plurality of parts and a casing therefor having substantiallysegmental chambers in which the respective parts of the piston arearranged for motion, and a connecting-neck to receive the hub of thepiston, said neck being channelml to receive packing.

5. In a pump of the class described, an oscillatory piston elementhaving two piston parts, one of which constitutes a prolongationot' theother, and one of said piston parts being of greater length than theotlu. and being fluid-operated, and the other constituting a pumppiston.

(5. In a pump of the class described, a easing having steam and waterchambers and a piston element having a plurality of parts movablerespectively in said steam and water chambers, a discharge-passage, theends of which are connected with the steam-chember at opposite sides ofthe piston part therein, exhaust-valves for controlling the exhaust fromthe steam-chamber, a stcam-suppl y passage communicating with thesteam-clumil)er at opposite sides of the steam-piston part, supply-controlling valves, and means operable with the piston forsimultaneously actuating the valves.

7. In a pump of the class described, a easing having a steam-chamber anda water-chamber of approximately segmental form, and an oscillatorypiston element supported for oscillation at the junction of the chambersand having a plurality of parts adapted to move in the respectivechambers, a discharge-passage the ends of which are connected with thesteam-chamber at opposite sides of the piston part therein, a pair ofexhaust-valves at the ends of said discharge chamber, ports leading fromthe chambers of the exhaustvalve into the steam-chamber between theinvalves for controlling the flow of liquid into' and from the auxiliaryWater-chambers, a piston element having a plurality of parts movablerespectively in the steam-chamber and main Water-chamber, and means forcontrolling the supply of steam to and the exhaust of steam from thesteam-chamber.

9. In a pump of the class described, an oscillatory piston elementhaving a plurality of parts and a casing therefor having substantiallysegmental chambers in Which the respective parts of the piston arearranged for motion, means for dividing one of the chambers into aplurality of compartments, and v means for admitting an operating fluidinto one of the compartments Where it can act against one portion of thepiston element.

10. In a pump of the class described, an oscillatory piston elementhaving a plurality of parts and a casing therefor having substantiallysegmental chambers in which the respective parts of the piston arearranged for motion, one section of the piston having lateral Wings andthe casing being pocketed to receive said Wings.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of tWosubscribing Witnesses.

JOHN E. DOUGLAS. Witnesses:

T. B. ALFOItD, W. G. SCHUSTER.

